Is phosphorus a good electrode material for sodium ion batteries?

Phosphorus is an attractive negative electrode material for sodium ion batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity of 2596 mA h g −1. However, it suffers poor conductivity (10 −12 S m −1), slow reaction dynamics, and large volume expansion (~440%) during the sodiation process, leading to rapid capacity decay upon cycling.

Are negative electrodes suitable for high-energy systems?

Current research appears to focus on negative electrodes for high-energy systems that will be discussed in this review with a particular focus on C, Si, and P.

Is red phosphorus a superior anode for sodium ion batteries?

Zhu Y, Wen Y, Fan X, Gao T, Han F, Luo C, Liou SC, Wang C. Red phosphorus–single-walled carbon nanotube composite as a superior anode for sodium ion batteries. (3):3254–3264.

How is a negative electrode composite prepared?

The synthesized powder was stored in a drying oven at 70 °C. The negative electrode composite was prepared by quantitatively mixing NTWO, LPSCl, and vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCF) (Sigma-Aldrich, pyrolytically stripped, platelets (conical), >98% carbon basis, D × L 100 nm × 20−200 μm) in a weight ratio of 6:3:1.

Can nibs be used as negative electrodes?

In the case of both LIBs and NIBs, there is still room for enhancing the energy density and rate performance of these batteries. So, the research of new materials is crucial. In order to achieve this in LIBs, high theoretical specific capacity materials, such as Si or P can be suitable candidates for negative electrodes.

Is BP a good electrode material with high energy density?

Phosphorus with a high theoretical specific capacity of 2596 mAh g −1 (for Li 3 P formation) compensates its lithiation operation voltage of about 0.7–0.8V vs. Li + /Li, higher than graphite. So, BP and RP can be considered good electrode materials with high-energy density .