What is the FF range of advanced silicon solar cells?

FF ranges between 75,25% and 80,11% Figures 1 and 2 show the data of IV curves of advanced silicon solar cells and the influence of the measurement direction as a demonstrative example. The measurements were taken with a Berger flasher system which has limited pulse length of up to 5ms.

How do you calculate a solar cell conversion efficiency?

This parameter is determined by dividing the maximum power generated by the cell into the power of the incident radiation that can be calculated through the following relationship: The theoretical limit of a traditional solar cell conversion efficiency (eq. (9)) is close to 30 %.

What are the effects of measurement artifacts?

The main effect of such measurement artifacts is that the EQE of another sub cell is measured, while at the same time the signal of the limiting sub cell is too low. In this case the EQE of the underlying middle cell is observed.

How efficient is a solar cell based on water?

Bella et al. reported an efficient and stable solar cell based only on water and using dyes, electrolytes and cathodes without metals. The best results reported an efficiency of 7.02 % . Hwang et al. reported an interesting configuration: C-14 powered Dye Sensitized Betavoltaic Cell (DSBC).

What is fill factor in a solar cell?

This parameter allows to calculate the fill factor (FF) of the solar cell, which is another parameter that characterizes the performance of the cell, the FF is defined as follows: Where IM and VM represent the current and voltage at the point of maximum power PM (see Fig. 2 (b).

Can solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells solve durability problems?

The solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (SSDSSC) try to solve durability problems that result from organic liquid electrolytes that contain redox couples . Burschka et al. reported SSDSSC based on TiO 2 sensitized with lead iodide perovskite (CH 3 NH 3 PbX 3) with a power conversion efficiency of approximately 15 % .